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Iron Oxide Fe3O4 Powder Properties And Preparation

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Iron Oxide Fe3O4 is a substance inorganic with a chemical composition of Fe3O4. The magnetic black crystal is called magnetic iron dioxide.

Iron Oxide Fe3O4 Powder Properties

Ferric oxide cannot be dissolved in organic solvents, such as water or alkali solutions. Natural ferroferric dioxide is insoluble when dissolved in acid. It is readily oxidized in humid air to iron oxide (Fe2O3).
The black Fe3O4 is an iron oxide with mixed valence, melting at 1597degC. It has a density of 5,18g/cm3. Fe3O4 Powder is not soluble with water, but is soluble with acid solutions. At room temperature, it appears as magnetite. It has a high conductivity and strong submagnetism.

Fe3O4 exhibits anti-corrosion properties. In the case of bluing steel parts, also known as blue-burning or baking blue, an alkaline-oxidizing solution is used to produce a dark-blue or blue-black Fe3O4 coating on the steel surface. Use to improve corrosion resistance, aesthetics and gloss.

Iron Oxide Fe3O4 Powder Preparation

The main methods used to prepare nano-Fe3O4 are the hydrothermal method (solvothermal method), the microemulsification technique, and the sol-gel technique.

1. Precipitation methods
Precipitation, a simple method with low costs, high purity, and uniformity, is ideal for mass production. The most common precipitation methods are co-precipitation and hydrolytic precipitation. Ultrasonic precipitation is also used, as well as alkoxide hydrogenation and chelate breakdown.

2. Hydrothermal (solvothermal method)
Hydrothermal reaction (solvothermal reaction) is the general term used for chemical reactions which are carried out under high pressure and temperature in fluids, such as aqueous (organic) solvents or steam. The Fe3O4 obtained by the hydrothermal process has a particle size that is small and uniform, it does not need high-temperature pretreatment to calcinate, and it can be doped with multivalent ions.

3. Microemulsification method
The microemulsification technique is used to create an emulsion from two immiscible solutions under the influence of surfactants. In this method, amphiphilic molecule divides the medium into microreactors, where the reactants are able to react and form a solid. The microreactor limits the nucleation, growth of crystals, coalescence and agglomeration processes, resulting in nanoparticles which are covered with surfactant, have a condensed morphology and structure.

4. Sol-gel method
The method is based on the hydrolysis of metal alkoxides and the polymerization to produce a uniform solution of metal hydroxides and metal oxides, which are then concentrated into a clear gel. The gel is dried, and then heat-treated in order to obtain superfine powder.

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