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copper borate is a hydrothermal synthesised compound that is used as a wood preservative, fungicide and insecticide. This compound is made by using sodium tetra borate decahydrate and copper hydroxide as the active ingredients. It has very low mammalian toxicity and is registered as an effective wood preservative in the United States.
Typical synthesis procedures for copper borate include high pressures, temperatures and reaction times under thermal conditions and hydrothermal conditions. Various modifying agents and solvents can be employed to improve the as-synthesised product composition. However, these modifying agents and solvents usually require a post-synthesis separation process to be applied. These compounds can also be synthesised by utilising catalysts and other auxiliary materials; these can provide higher reaction yields.
In this study, several raw material combinations were used to investigate the synthesis of copper borate under moderate conditions. Different experimental parameters such as molar ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time were changed in order to obtain as-synthesised products under a green chemistry approach. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterise the as-synthesised compounds.
This study demonstrates the synthesis of copper borate under a green chemistry approach. It is the first time that copper borate has been synthesised under hydrothermal conditions, and it was obtained under 7.5 h reaction time with phosphate ester as the modifying agent. It is also the first study to synthesise copper borate under green chemistry conditions with high yields.
