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The Different Types of Phosphide Powder

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Phosphide Powder Classification
Ionic Phosphates
Alkali metals, metals of the alkaline Earth, zinc, aluminium and other phosphates. You can think of these compounds as derivatives from phosphines, where the hydrogen atoms were replaced by metals atoms with equal equivalence. Most ionics phosphates can be decomposed in acids. Calcium phosphide (Ca3P2), for instance, is easily reacted with water in order to form hydroxide and phosphide. Zinc Zn3P2 is a phosphide that reacts slowly in water, but readily with acid.

Metallic Phosphide
Phosphates are a mixture of most heavy metals. They have a similar composition and look to metal intercompounds and most cannot be broken down by acids or water.

Phosphide Powder Application
The preparation of high-strength alloy steel can be improved with the addition of 0.1-0.3% phosphorus (alloyed). Ferric Phosphor is a by-product from single phosphor made by the electric furnace process. In ferric phosphor, there are small amounts of silicon, chrome, alum, and other impurities.
Iridium-phosphide is a chemically stable and extremely hard material that is used to make pens.
Magnesium Phosphide releases half of its phosphine into moist air.
Aluminum phosphide can also release highly toxic phosphine into moist air. This is why it’s used in grain fumigants.
Copper phosphide can be used as an oxidizer.
A phosphating grains is used as a semi-conductor.

The Phosphide

Calcium phosphide
It is a granular or crystallized material that is reddish-brown in color with a melting temperature of approximately 1600. Its relative density measures 2.51. This material is soluble only in acids, but not in ethanol or ethyl alcohol. It is made by heating aluminum and carbon to reduce the calcium phosphate. It is used to make phosphine bombs, signal bombs, and fireworks. Zinc phosphide, a dark gray powder that has an unpleasant odor and a melting temperature above 420 degrees Celsius, is non-combustible when ignited, and its density is 4.55 grams per cubic centimeter (18). It’s soluble in lye or oil, but can also dissolve in water. Zinc phosphide poison baits with a 2% – 3% zinc powder and a red phosphorus at 550 can be used to kill rats and voles. Aluminum phosphide comes in a gray-yellow powder or crystal. It does not melt, sublimate, or decompose at 1000°C. The ignition temperature of the powder is around 100, and its relative density is 2,85. It is made from aluminum powder and red-phosphorus that reacts at 650 with electric current or flame. Aluminum phosphide should be dried and stored. It releases toxic phosphide when wet.

Sodium phosphide
The red crystal Na3P is highly toxic and flammable when it reacts with water. Use as a phosphating compound to prepare pesticides and phosphine. Chemical reaction produces red phosphorus by combining metallic sodium and red phosphorus.


Hydrogen phosphide
Phosphine, which is stored in compressed cylinders, is a colorless gas that’s highly toxic and flammable. Its storage pressure (522psig) is 70oF of its vapor-pressure. The gas is heavier and smells similar to fish. When traces of phosphorus hydrides like ethophosphate or other phosphorus-containing hydrides are present, spontaneous combustion occurs. Phosphine has been classified as a gas that is highly toxic and spontaneously flameable. Inhaling phosphine is harmful to the liver, heart, kidneys and nervous system.

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