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The Role of Hydrogen in Humans and Animals

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Molecular hydrogen is one of the minimal molecules in nature. It is flammable and will burn at a wide range of concentrations in air. It is also easily diffused through the lungs into the blood and circulates throughout the body during breathing, which makes it easy to enter the cell membrane to play the role of a chemical messenger.

H2 has a bidirectional regulatory effect on apoptosis, autophagy, and pyrolysis to adapt to changes in environment. It also ameliorates inflammation-induced excessive cell programmed death through regulating transcription of genes.

It can regulate nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and suppress NF-kB transcription in the liver, hematencephalon, and skeletal muscle to improve inflammation and injury. Hydrogen can also inhibit the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-a in lung injury and asthma, and scavenge ROS to buffer the damage caused by oxidative stress.

Antioxidant effects of hydrogen are more mediated through antioxidant signal modulation than direct free radical scavenging in humans. The mechanism may involve enhancing cellular defense systems to protect the body from oxidative stress, promoting apoptosis, and regulating gene expression.

The Lewis structure of C2H2, which consists of two carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms, is a simple and linear molecular geometry. It has a relatively high total number of valence electrons and no asymmetry.

It has a higher entropy value, which means it is more random or disordered than other molecules. This property makes it more stable. It also makes it a good choice for industrial applications where its presence is necessary.


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