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There are two crystal forms of solid zinc sulfide, alpha and beta, which have hexagonal (wurtzite), respectively, and cubic (sphalerite) structures. Beta crystalline ZnS (sphalerite), the more stable, is found in beta crystalline form.
Zinc sulfide Occurrence:
Zinc sulfide It is found in nature as zinc blende (also called sphalerite), which is a mix of iron and Zinc sulfides. In nature, zinc dioxide is found in the form of “zincite.” In fluorescence light energy is absorbed then rapidly reemitted. The phosphorescence of zinc sulfide is visible after the UV light has been turned off.
Zinc sulfide Preparation:
Zinc Sulfide may be produced by a number of simple reactions. For example, zinc sulfate is prepared either by reacting with sodium sulfur (Na2S), zinc sulfate, (ZnSO4), or passing hydrogen sulfide into an aqueous salt solution to precipitate insoluble ZnS. The insoluble ZnS can be prepared by reacting the zinc oxide with hydrogen sulfur:
ZnS + ZnO – ZnO + H2S
Zinc Sulfide Physical Property:
Zinc Sulfide can be found in two distinct crystal forms. The wurtzite is white or yellowish white, while sphalerite is greyish white. It has a mass density of 4.09g/mL and a melting temperature of 1.185 degC.
Zinc Sulfide Chemical Property:
Zinc Sulfide Is Insoluble in Water It breaks down in the presence strong acids and oxidizing agents. When heated to temperatures greater than 900 degrees Celsius, it releases sulfur and zinc fumes. It also reacts strongly acidic solutions, releasing hydrogen-sulfide. At 102 degrees Celsius, the beta-crystalline ZnS material (sphalerite), a stable form, transforms into its alpha-crystalline form (wurtzite). ZnS is a phosphorescent material that glows when exposed to UV light.
Zinc sulfide Uses:
Zinc Sulfide is used in many applications because of its luminescent quality. It is used to make electroluminescent and phosphorescent materials. Zinc Sulfide, also known as zinc sulfide, is used for optical lenses and windows, infrared optics, and as a pigment. It’s also a wide bandgap semiconductor, and an effective photo catalyser.
The most common usage of ZnS As a pigment in paints, rubbers, and plastics. Lithopone (a mixture of ZnS, barium, and sulfate) is widely used as a pigment in low-gloss enamels. ZnS can be used for a variety of electronic and decorative uses because it is phosphorescent.
Zinc sulfide hazards:
Zinc Sulfide exposure is not harmful to humans. It mainly causes irritations of the respiratory tract, skin and eyes. This is a serious environment hazard because it is highly toxic for aquatic organisms.
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