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Boron carburide is a high-performance carbon compound, which is composed primarily of boron, carbon, and other elements. The chemical formula for B4C is B4C. It has high hardness and melting point. It’s also widely used by industries, the military, aerospace and other fields. The article will give a detailed description of the physical properties and chemical composition, preparation techniques, performance characterization and application fields.
Physical properties
Boron carbide, a non-metallic inorganic material with a density of 2.52g/cm3, is a dense inorganic. It has a cubic lattice structure, a dense black crystal and a 0.243nm lattice constant. Boron carbide exhibits a low electrical conductivity of only 10-6S/m, and has excellent insulation. Its thermal resistance is 97W/m*K. This is lower than that of metals, silicon and ceramics but higher than glass and other materials.
Chemical properties
Boron carbide exhibits chemical stability, and it is not reactive to acids and alkalis. B4C is reactive with O2, H2O and other substances. High temperatures can generate B2O3, CO etc. B4C has anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance. This makes it suitable for long term use in high-temperature, corrosive environments.
Preparation method
Preparation methods for boron carbide The main methods are the arc melting and chemical vapour deposit method.
Methode de réduction du carbothermal
Carbon thermal reduction (CTR) is widely used to prepare boron carbide . This method generates carbon dioxide and boron carburide by melting boric black and carbon. The reaction formula is B2O3+3C + B4C+CO. The reaction temperature ranges from 1500 to 1700°C. This method has the advantage of being simple, low-cost, and easy to use. However, the boron carbide produced is not of high purity.
Arc melting method
In the arc melting process, graphite electrodes are heated and melted in a reaction between boric acid and borax to create boron carbide. The reaction equation is: B2O3+3C + B4C. Reaction temperature is usually 18002000 degrees. This method yields boron-carbide with a high degree of purity and fine particles, but is costly and complicated.
Chemical vapour deposition method
Chemical vapour deposition uses high temperature reactions of gaseous carbon black and borane to create boron carburide. The reaction formula is B2H6+6C B4C+6H2. The reaction temperature ranges between 1000-1200°C. This method yields boron-carbide with a high degree of purity and ultrafine particles, but is costly and complicated.
Performance Characterization
Physical, chemical, mechanical, and other properties are primarily considered when describing the performance of boron carbide.
Physical property
Density, conductivity and thermal conductivity are the main physical properties of Boron carbide. The density is 2.52g/cm3, conductivity 10-6S/m, and thermal conductivity 97W/m*K.
Chemical Property
Boron carbide exhibits chemical stability, and it is not reactive to acids and alkalis. B4C is reactive with H2O and O2. High temperatures can generate B2O3, CO etc. B4C has anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance. This makes it suitable for long term use in high-temperature, corrosive environments.
Mechanical property
Boron carbide’s high hardness, melting temperature, and heat transfer make it a popular material in many industries. Hardness of 3500kg/mm2, melting point 2450, and heat transfer rate 135W/m*K are among the characteristics that make boron carbide so popular in industries, military, aerospace, and other fields.
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