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    What is Fumed Silica?

    Fumed silica can be described as a fine white powder that is made by hydrolysis of silicon hailide at high temperature under an oxyhydrogen flame. It is a form of amorphous silicone dioxide product. The primary particle sizes are between 740nm to 200-500nm. Aggregate particle sizes range from 200-500nm to about 200-500nm. Specific surface area is 100400m2/g. High purity and SiO2 content is not below 99.8%. There are a number of silica-hydroxyl groups in vapor phase silicaaggregates with untreated surfaces. One is an isolated, unperturbed free hydroxyl molecule; the other is bonded silyl group that is linked and forms hydrogen bonds to one another. The vapor-phase silica aggregates have the untreated surfaces. They contain multiple -Oh compound, which can easily form an uniform three-dimensional network structure in the liquid system (hydrogen bond). This three-dimensional network structure, called the hydrogen bond, is formed by external force (shear, electric, etc.). This three-dimensional network structure (hydrogen bond), with an external force (shear, electric, etc.), will be destroyed. The medium will thin out, and the viscosity will drop. When the external force vanishes, the three dimensional structure (hydrogen Bond) will revert to its original state.



    Fumed silica, one of the most valuable new inorganic material, is one. It has a small particle diameter, high specific surface area, strong surface adhesion, large surface energy and chemical purity. Its high stability, reinforcing effects, thickening and thixotropy make it an irreplaceable choice in many unique fields.
    It is widely used as an additive, catalyst carrier, decolorizing agent or matting agent in various industries.

    Fumed silica is primarily composed of two types of "sex", hydrophilic or waterphobic. You can use physical, chemical and mechanical methods to alter the fumedsilica interface or surface. This includes surface energy, surface wetability, reaction characteristics, surface structure, functional groups and surface wettability. This allows it to be used in modern new material and new technology as well as the requirements of developing new technology.



    Hydrophobic fumed Silica Applications
    Thickening of certain polar liquids like epoxy resins. Silicone elastomer reinforcement. High addition. Good hydrophobicity. Improved anticorrosion. Powder flow AIDS.

    Technology Co. Ltd. is a trusted global supplier and manufacturer of chemicals and Nanomaterials. They have over 12 years experience in producing super-high-quality chemicals, such as silicon powder.
    You can contact us to request high-quality fumed silicona at a very affordable. (brad@ihpa.net)

    2023-04-02

    Blog

    Modification of Natural Graphite and Artificial Graphite

    The difference in processing technology and raw materials will determine the final product. graphite powder Natural graphite is separated from artificial graphite. Graphite is an ideal anode for lithium-ion batteries because of its low lithium cost and high efficiency.

    Analyse of natural graphite

    Natural flake graphite can be used to make natural graphite. It is then modified to produce spherical natural Graphite. Natural graphite has many disadvantages, even though it is popular.
    Natural graphite exhibits many defects on the surface, large surface areas and low efficiency.

    PC-based electrolyte can cause serious problems such as solvated lithium Ion co-embedding. This leads to graphite peeling and expansion, and ultimately, battery performance failure.

    The anisotropy of natural graphite means that lithium ion is difficult to embed from the end faces. It also makes it easy for lithium ions to be precipitated. Natural graphite has a lot of problems. It is usually made from dense petroleum coke (or needle coke) as precursors.

    Modifications to natural graphite

    Different surfactants were applied to the graphite to fix its surface imperfections and toler electrolyte well.

    To improve magnification of natural graphite, the first step is to modify the pore structure. After etching with strong alkali (KOH), the solution in an aqueous solution has been applied to the graphite.

    You can also use strong oxidant solution to passivate surface active potential. This will increase natural graphite's efficiency.

    Third, fluorinate natural graphite by using ClF3. Effectively, the cycle life and charge/discharge ratio are improved.

    The amorphous graphite can also be coated to form "coreshell" structures. The carbon source for amorphous Carbon is typically pitch, phenolic or other low temperature pyrolytic material. Because of the long distance between carbon layers, the presence of carbon layer is able to isolate electrolyte from the particles. It can reduce surface active points, specific surface area and the isolation of direct contact. Enhance the intercalation or diffusion of lithiumion.

    To solve the anisotropy problem in natural graphite, mechanical treatments are often employed to shape the particle morphology. An air flow shaping device uses wind to create particles that rub against each others and to cut corners. The method doesn't introduce any doping impurities. However, this will cause the pulverization to produce large quantities of particles at low yield.

    Mechanical fusion machines use the material to spin at high speed inside the rotor. The material clings on to the wall using centrifugal force and then passes between the stator extrusionhead and the rotating rotor. This is when the material will be subject to extrusion force and shear pressure. To achieve the goal of spheroidization, the surface is subject to the friction between particles and other particles.

    Natural graphite's particle sizes are reduced to 15-20 mm after the spheroidization process. The first efficiency and performance of the cycles is clearly improved. Magnification performances can also be greatly enhanced.

    Modifications to Artificial Graphite

    Modifications of artificial graphite. The modification process of artificial graphite has a different structure than that of natural graphite. The organization of particles can reduce graphite's OI value (position degree) generally. A needle coke precursor of 8-10mm in diameter is chosen. The carbon source for the binder is typically made from easily graphitized materials like asphalt. A number of needle coke particles can be bonded using drum furnace treatment. The secondary particles, with a size of 14-18mm, are then made into graphitization. This will help to reduce the Oi.

    Graphite Powder Pricing

    Price is affected by many things, such as the demand and supply in the market and industry trends. Economic activity. Unexpected events.
    You can email us to request a quotation if you want the current graphite price. (brad@ihpa.net)

    Graphite Pulver Supplier

    Technology Co. Ltd. has over 12 years of experience as a reliable natural graphite supplier and manufacturer. All of our products can be shipped worldwide.

    You can find high-quality, natural flake graphite powder here. Get in touch You can also send us an inquiry. (brad@ihpa.net)

    2023-03-08

    Blog

    Optical coating materials

    An optical coating is the application of one (or several) metallic (or dielectric), films to an optical part's surface. A coating applied to the optical part's surface is used to increase or decrease the intensity of the reflection, beam, color, and polarization. One of the most popular coatings is vacuum coating, and electronicless coating.

    Principle of optocoating:
    Vacuum coating:
    Vacuum coating refers to coatings that must be done in higher vacuums, such as vacuum ion, magnetron, magnetron, molecular beam epitaxy and PLD laser-sputtering. A substrate is formed from the plated materials and electroplated material. The target and substrate are in the same vacuum.

    The evaporation coating is usually the target of heating so that the surface components evaporate in the form of free radicals or ions and are deposited on the surface of the substrate by film-forming method (scattering island structure-trapezoidal structure-layered growth).

    Sputtered coat
    You can easily understand the process of sputtered coating. It involves bombarding the target material with electrons or high energy lasers. Finally, the surface components are sputtered under the form free radicals orions. This forms a thin film.

    An optical film has a smooth top, a geometrically-segmented interface between the layers, and a jump in refractive index at the interface. But it's continuous within the film which could be transparent, or optical.

    The absorption medium can be either uniformly normal or not. Practical application of the film can be more difficult than an ideal one. Because of its optical and physical characteristics, it is different from bulk material. Its surface and interface are also rough which causes diffuse scattering. Due to mutual penetration, the films form a diffusion interface. The anisotroy is formed by the film's growth, structure, and stress.

    Common optical coating materials include the following:
    1. Metal (alloy): germanium, chromium, aluminum, silver, gold, etc.
    Germanium.
    This rare metal is safe and non-radioactive. It has a light transmission range of 2000NM to 14000NM.

    Chrome.
    Useful in spectroscopes, and often used to boost adhesion. It may range from 550NM to 30NM. But, under the guidance of aluminum mirror, 30NM can be an effective value to increase adhesion.

    Aluminium.
    It is the most reflective metal in the ultraviolet area. Effective thickness of the film exceeds 50NM.

    Silver.
    When the evaporation rate and substrate temperature are fast enough, silver will have the same high reflectivity of aluminum. This is because there is more absorption due to the massive accumulation that occurs at very low speed.

    Gold.
    Material with highest reflectivity of all known materials is above infrared 100nm wavelength

    2. Oxides.
    Yttrium trioxide.
    By electron gun evaporation the property of the material changes with film thickness. The refractive index, which is approximately 1., can be used. 8 % at 500 nm. It's very well-known as an aluminum protective coating, in particular due to its high incident angle at 800-12000nm.

    Cerium dioxide.
    High-density tungsten boat evaporates cerium dioxide on a substrate of 200°C to get a refractive Index of about 2.2. The absorption band is located at about 3000nm, and its refractive indice changes with temperature. Oxygen ion plating can produce nylon 2.35 (500nm), which is a low absorption thin film.

    titania.
    The refractive Index is defined as the light transmission range between 2.21500 and 3.15500nm. People love this material because of its high refractive and relative firmness. It is used for anti-reflection films, splitter film cold light film filter, filter, high reflect film, glasses film, thermal mirror and other purposes.

    Silicon dioxide.
    It is a transparent colorless crystal with a high melting point, hardness, and chemical stability. Use it for high-quality Si02 coatings. It has a very pure crystal with no melting point. You can divide it into infrared, visible and ultraviolet depending on your use. A film will become porous and fragile if it is exposed to too much pressure. Conversely, a film with too little pressure will absorb the light and increase its refractive index.

    Zirconium dioxide.
    High refractive index, high resistance to temperature and chemical stability make the white heavy crystal very pure. You can use it for high quality zirconia coatings. Because of its roughness, the incident light will be diffused and the transmittance of your lens is reduced. Additionally, optical rotation will cause certain incident light sources to dissipate particularly strongly. One example is that a material which absorbs red light appears green. But, poor processing can still be avoided.

    Hafnium oxide.
    If the substrate is heated to 150C by an electron gun, its refractiveindex is approximately 2.0C. Oxygen ion assisted plating can achieve a stable refractiveindex of 2.5-2.1. In the region of 8000-12000NM, HFO2 works better than SiO2 for the protective outer layer.

    3. Fluoride.
    Magnesium fluoride.
    This antireflective coating has a 1x4 wave thickness and is used widely as an optical glass. It transmits about 120NM true ultraviolet radiation to the middle-infrared region at about 7000nm.

    Calcium fluoride or barium fluoride.
    The only problem with their compactness is that they are not completely solid. They can be used only in infrared films because transmittance shifts towards longer wavelengths at higher temperatures.

    Lead fluoride.
    This material can also be used in UV. If it's used at 300nm the refractive indice decreases when it gets in touch with molybdenum or tantalum. Therefore, platinum and ceramic dishes are required.

    4. Additional compounds
    Zinc sulfide.
    Light transmission ranges with refractive indices of 2.35400-13000m have good durability and stress. This film is mostly used for spectroscopic and cold light films, as well as filter, high reflective, and infrared films.

    Lead Telluride.
    It's an IR material of high refractive. Because it's a thin-film material, transparency is possible in between 300 and 4000NM. The material is sublimated in the infrared. Substrat temperature is 250C. Prevention is essential. The maximum range of 40000NM is sufficient to make it work. Many other materials can be used to create a 14000NM edge.

    Silicon dioxide Price
    Price is affected by many things, such as the demand and supply in the market and industry trends. Economic activity. Unexpected events.
    For the current SiO2 prices please send an inquiry. (brad@ihpa.net)

    Silicon dioxide Supplier
    Technology Co. Ltd. (), is a respected siO2 manufacturer, and siO2 supplier. It has over twelve years' experience. All of our products are available for shipment worldwide.

    Feel free to email us for a high-quality siO2 powder. (brad@ihpa.net)

    2023-03-03

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