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With the development of the times, the application of zinc nitride is also constantly improving

Zinc Nitride: Overview The formula for zinc nitride Zn3N2, a gray crystal that is soluble with hydrochloric Acid. It decomposes quickly into zinc hydroxide, and ammonia when placed in cold water. It can be produced by reacting ammonia with zinc powder at 500-600degC.
Useful Information The following are some examples of how to use Zinc Nitride

1. Zinc nitride film is prepared using this product
Zinc Nitride (Zn3N2) is a unique material with electrical and optical properties. The energy band gaps of zinc oxide, whether an indirect or direct band gap silicon, have always been a major controversy in semiconductors. The band gap can be greatly affected by the preparation methods, growth conditions and problems in industry and academia. As an example, prior art methods like magnetron deposition, chemical vapour deposition, electrostatic elctrostalysis, and molten beam epitaxy could be used to create zinc nitride layers.

Zinc oxide films made by the same technique have very different optical and electric properties. A simple, easy to reproduce and high-quality crystalline preparation method is urgently needed. A method is presented for the preparation of a zinc-nitride layer. The preparation method uses atomic layer deposition to prepare the Zinc Nitride film. This allows for precise control of the band gaps in the Zinc Nitride film. The prepared membrane is uniform, complete and has excellent performance.

The technical solutions that were adopted include:

Steps for the preparation of zinc nitride films include:

(1) Place the substrate inside the reaction chamber.

(2) Adsorb the zinc atoms on the surface substrate by introducing the zinc-containing pre-deposition source into the reaction chamber.

Let the precursor source containing nitrogen enter the reaction room of the atomic-layer deposition equipment. Ionize this nitrogen-containing pre-source through plasma. After ionization of the precursor source, the nitrogen is partially deposited on the substrate to form the covalent nitrogen-zinc bond. Ionization of the nitrogen precursor. The source will be sent to a reaction equipment. After ionization the nitrogen atoms are partially deposited in the cavity. The zinc atom is bonded to the nitrogen atom by a covalent bond.

Repeat steps (2) and 3) to build up the zinc-nitride layers by layers.

The method can produce high-quality crystalline materials and is repeatable. It is simple to implement and achieves crystals of excellent quality. The nitrogen is introduced to the atomic layer system via the plasma. After that, the conditions of the chamber are precisely set, including the vacuum degree, the cycle period, the conditions for the plasma and the other conditions. Adjust the band-gap of the zinc nitride prepared film. The present invention provides various high quality zinc nitride sheets with adjustable bands gaps that can be tailored to meet different electrical and optical requirements.

2. Used to prepare touch screen covers and touch screen films
As technology advances and smart devices become more common, the demand for touch screens to be the primary window of human-computer interactions is increasing. In the prior art, the low coating yield and high production costs, as well as the low production efficiency, were problems when the light-shielding layers in the BM of the cover of the touchscreen was prepared by screen printing with black ink. The resulting product has a tendency to bubble when it is used with liquid crystal displays. This can lead to a lack of perfect fit. Offer a zinc nitride-based touch screen and touchscreen cover film.
The new touch screen film is made of zinc nitride, a film that has a low surface reflectivity, low production cost, high surface hardness with strong scratch resistance, wear resistance, high surface energy and can effectively be laminated liquid-crystal display. The film thickness ranges from 60 to 200nm which can eliminate stepping. The new type is a touch-screen cover film that includes a Zn3N2 film and a Si3N4 film. The adhesion of a film decreases if its thickness exceeds 50 nm. However, if it's less than 10 nm thick, then the film transmits light and does not have the light-tightness effect. The zinc film is black, absorbs visible light well, and has a matte finish. It can be used to create a functional black layer. The touch-screen cover film embodiment includes in order a silicon (Si3N4) nitride, a zinc nitride, and a plastic protective film. The touch-screen cover in this embodiment consists of a glass substrate, the touch-screen cover film and the silicon nitride (Si3N4) film.

(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier & manufacturer has been providing high-quality Nanomaterials and chemicals for over 12 Years. Currently, we have developed a variety of materials. The zinc nitride, or Zn3N2, powder that our company produces is high in purity and has a low impurity level. Please send us an e-mail or click the desired products to Send an inquiry .

2023-08-09

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The Property And Application of Zinc Sulfide Powder

Zinc sulfide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula of ZnS. Its appearance is white to off-white or light yellow powder. Zinc sulfide becomes darker when it is exposed to light.

The Property of Zinc Sulfide:

Zinc sulfide is stable in dry air, and when left in humid air for a long time or contains moisture, it will gradually oxidize to zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfide is soluble in dilute inorganic acid, soluble in alkali, but insoluble in water, zinc sulfide powder is irritating.
Zinc sulfide is generally obtained by the action of hydrogen sulfide and zinc salt solution. If a small amount of Cu, Mn, Ag is added as an activator in the crystalline ZnS, it can emit different colors of fluorescence after being illuminated. Zinc sulfide is used as analytical reagent, paint, paint making, white and opaque glass, filling rubber, plastic, and for preparing phosphor.

The Application of Zinc Sulfide:

As an important two and six compound semiconductors, zinc sulfide nanomaterials have attracted great attention, not only because of its excellent physical properties, such as wide band gap, high refractive index, and high light transmittance in the visible light range, but also Its huge potential is applied to optics, electronics and optoelectronic devices.

Zinc sulfide has excellent fluorescence effect and electroluminescence function. Nano-zinc sulfide has a unique photoelectric effect. It has many excellent properties in the fields of electricity, magnetism, optics, mechanics and catalysis. Therefore, the research of nano-zinc sulfide has caused In 1994, Bhargava reported that the surface passivation of nano-ZnS:Mn phosphor not only has an external quantum efficiency of up to 18% at high temperature, but also has a fluorescence lifetime shortened by 5 orders of magnitude, and it also emits light. The performance has been greatly changed, which opens up a new way for the application of ZnS in materials.

Zinc sulfide can be used to make white pigments and glass, luminous powder, rubber, plastic, luminous paint, etc.

Tech Co., Ltd () is a professional zinc sulfide powder with over 12 years experience in chemical products research and development. If you are looking for high quality zinc sulfide powder, please feel free to contact us and send an inquiry.

2023-08-09

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What are the advantages and applications of molybdenum disulfide

Molybdenum is the primary component in molybdenite. The powder is black and has a metallic sheen. The chemical name is MoS2, melting point is 1185degC. Density is 4.80g/cm (14.4degC) and Mohs Hardness is 1.01.5. Introduction on the benefits of molybdenum sulfide

1. Keep the production area clean, tidy and free of oil.
2. This can save you a lot of lubricants.
3. Reduce the workload of maintenance workers and improve the technical conditions.
4. Because of the low friction coefficient, molybdenum isothiodide has a small friction resistance, which allows for electricity savings. The brother unit can save 12% electricity. 5. It can improve attendance rates, reduce loss of equipment components, and extend the service lifetime of friction equipment.
6. The application of molybdenum diulfide lubrication resolves the technical problem and improves accuracy and efficiency.
7. Molybdenum diulfide is a filling and filling agent that can restore geometric dimensions to certain parts. This extends the life of the part.
8. Molybdenum diulfide possesses the properties of being waterproof, resistant to alkali and acid, as well as moisture-proof.
9. Molded components using molybdenum-disulfide plastics or powder melting can save a great deal of nonferrous metals.
10. When using molybdenum diulfide in certain equipment, it is possible to eliminate the complex oil supply systems, which simplifies equipment structure, improves area utilization and also causes major reforms.

Application of molybdenum sulfide

It is also capable of superconducting. It has unique electronic properties that are not found in graphene. Its applications are wide-ranging and include electronic communications (e.g., transistors, sensors), biomedicine, flexible manufacturing (e.g., flexible screens), energy, etc. ).

Due to their unique two-dimensional layered structure with atomic thickness and photoelectric characteristics, two-dimensional materials have gained much attention. Most representative are the transition metal chalcogenides including Molybdenum Disulfide(MoS2) tungsten Disulfide(WS2) molybdenum chalcogenide (MoSe2) tungsten chalcogenide (WSe2) etc. because they possess visible light bandgap qualities that the first discovered material graphene did not possess.

It is very easy to break the van der Waals force that exists between the layers of two-dimensional materials. Two-dimensional materials are used in research to create lighter optoelectronics devices. They have thinner layers, which can break van der Waals between layers. Molybdenum Disulfide, with its multiple layers, is a two-dimensional material that has been studied extensively in the family of TMDCs. Its 2H phase also makes it one of most stable forms.

Compared with the traditional intercalator-assisted electrochemical method, the intercalator-assisted plasma liquid phase technology has fewer product defects and does not introduce additional groups. It can also be used to prepare high-quality, two-dimensional material. Promote the flexible use of two-dimensional material in optoelectronics as well as other fields and continue to improve optical-electronic device development.

(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a reputable global chemical supplier & manufacturer has over 12 years experience in providing super-high-quality chemicals and nanomaterials. Our Molybdenum Disulfide MoS2 Powder is of high purity with fine particles and low impurities. Contact us if you need to.

2023-08-09

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Algae Extracts Controllable Synthesis of Vanadium Carbide Nanosheets with Enhanced Photothermal Performance in the Near Infrared Region

What is Vanadium Carbide?

Vanadium Carbideis an opaque black crystal that has a density between 5.255.4g/cm3 with a melting point around 2750. This is a little harder than quartz. This substance can be used to make vanadium steel, and it is also used as a carbide cemented carburide additive.

The Discovery of Two Dimensional Vanadium-Carbide Nanosheets

Vanadium-carbide nanosheets with a two-dimensional structure have definite potential for use as photothermal agents in the treatment of cancer. The application of vanadium in photothermal therapies is limited by harsh synthesis and low photothermal efficiency. The research team recently reported a green intercalation method that uses algae extracts for high-yielding two-dimensional vanadium-carbide nanosheets.

Recent years, two-dimensional transitional metal carbonitride has been used in a variety of fields, including energy storage, biosensors, biomedicine, and many others, because it is superior for metal conductivity. Its hydrophobicity and various components, as well, as its nanostructures have made them useful. Broad application prospects.

Preparation and Characterization of Two-dimensional Transition Metal compounds

The Mn+1AXn layered structure is used to prepare the carbonitride of two-dimensional metal transition. In this ternary, "M" represents the transition metal and "A", mainly, the IIIA group or IVA Group (13 or 14,) element. "X", is C or n (n = 1, 2, or 3). MAX is a hexagonal layer crystal structure composed of metal MX and A bonds. The A element "bonds" between adjacent layers Mn+1Xn. Due to the Mn+1Xn's weaker M-A bonds, it is possible to selectively remove the A layer with a corrosive alkali or strong acid. The harsh conditions of these methods, the low yield and the damage to the structure of Mn+1Xn on a single layer limit their use at large scale. It is therefore urgent to develop a method that is efficient, environmental friendly and yields high to understand such materials better and to broaden their applications.

The Future of Vanadium-Carbide Nanosheets

The team of researchers proposed a method to solve the above problems by using algae extracts in order to produce high-yielding two-dimensional nanosheets vanadium carbide by intercalation. This method yields vanadium carbonitride nanosheets that have a complete structural structure and a high absorption near-infrared. The photothermal convertibility at 808 nm reaches up to 48 %, which is superior to other two-dimensional transitional metal carbonitride materials such as Mo2C (42.9%) and Nb2C(36.4% NIR-I and 45.65% in NIR-2), as well as Ta4C3 (44.7%). This efficiency is comparable to that of gold-based material and carbon-based Nanomaterials. Both in vitro and in vivo tests show that the two-dimensional vanadium-carbide nanosheets could be used for photothermal treatment of cancer guided by photoacoustic or magnetic resonance multimode imaging. This work eliminates the harsh conditions associated with the use of strong corrosive alkalis or acids, while providing an economic, environmentally-friendly, high-yield and high-yield way to prepare two dimensional transition metal carbitrides.


Tech Co., Ltd. () is an experienced vanadium-carbide powder manufacturer. We have over 12 years' experience in chemical product development and research. You can contact us to send an inquiry if you need high quality Vanadium Carbide Powder.

2023-08-09

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Titanium Carbide overview and its application

Titanium Carbide: An Introduction The chemical formula of Titan carbide TiC is a gray, metal-like, solid with a cubic lattice. Its molecular weight (59.89) is also 59.89. The melting temperature of titanium carbide ranges from 3140+90degC to 4820degC. Its relative density is 4,93 and its hardness is higher than 9.
Titanium carbide, while insoluble in water is soluble with nitric acids and aqua regia. It is stable when the temperature is below 800. However, when the temperature is above 2000 it will be corroded.
Carbonized TiO2 or TiO2 powder is produced by heating TiO2 in an electric oven to 2300-2700degC.
Titanium carbide, which can be used as an abrasive and electrode for arc lights and hard alloys can also make it.
Titan carbide can be prepared in several different ways
Reduce carbothermic toxicity using a reduction method
The reaction temperature range for carbon black is between 1700 and 2100 degrees Celsius. The chemical reaction formula:
TiO2(s)+3C(s)=TiC(S)+2CO(g).
Direct Carbonization
Ti powder and carbon dust react to form TiC. The chemical formula of the reaction is: Ti(s),+C(s),=TiC. The application of this method will be limited because it's difficult to make sub-micron Ti powder. The reaction above takes between 5 and 20 hrs to complete. The reactants aggregate, and additional grinding is needed to obtain fine particles. Granular TiC powder. After ball milling, it is important to chemically purify the fine Powder to get a purer product.
Chemical vapor deposition
The method uses the reaction between TiCl4, and H2 and C. TiC The monofilament is soaked with crystals. The TiC produced by this method is subject to strict limitations on output, and in some cases even quality. It is important to be aware that the HCl in TiCl4 as well as its product can be highly corrosive.
Microwave method
Use microwave energy to heat nano-TiO2 and carbon as raw materials. The dielectric loss in the high frequency electric field is used to convert microwave energy to heat energy.
Blast impact method
Preparing the precursor requires mixing the titanium dioxide powder with the carbon powder in a specific proportion. The powder density is set at 1.5g/cm3, the outer cylinder is made of metal, and the laboratory placed inside. It is then placed in an airtight container made by yourself for the experiment. The detonation powder will be collected after the shockwave. After sieving the black powder, impurities like iron filings and large particles are removed. After soaking in aqua regia overnight, the black powder is turned brown. The powder is then placed into a muffle and calcined 400degC (400 minutes) for 400minutes to produce a silver-gray color.

High-temperature self-propagating synthesis
(SHS). SHS is derived by an exothermic process. When heated at the right temperature, fine-grained Ti Powder has a high degree of reactivity. The combustion wave produced after ignition will pass through Ti and the C reactants, and the reaction heat generated by Ti and the C will generate TiC. SHS has a reaction time of less than one second. The synthesis requires fine, high-purity Ti powder for the raw material and output is limited.
Reaction ball grinding technique
The reactive ball milling technique is a method that utilizes the chemical reactions between metal powder or alloys and other elements in the ball grinding process to create the required materials. Reactive ball milling is used mainly to produce nanocrystalline material. The high-energy mill is the primary equipment for nanomaterial preparation. The reaction ball grinding mechanism can be divided in two categories: the first is the mechanically induced high-temperature self-propagation reaction (SHS), while the second is the reaction ballmilling with no obvious exotherm and the reaction is slow.
Titan carbide - Uses
1. Use as an additive for metal bismuth and zinc melting crucibles and to prepare HDD large-capacity memories devices and wear-resistant semiconductor films.
2. This is an essential component of cemented carburide, which is used in the steelmaking process as a oxidizer.
3. As cermet it is known for its high hardness, corrosion-resistance, and thermal stability.
(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier & manufacturer has over 12 years experience in providing super-high-quality chemicals and nanomaterials. The titanium carbid Please note that the products produced by our company are of high purity and have low impurity. Please. Contact us if necessary.

2023-08-09

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Is Iron Sulfide Soluble?

Iron sulfide is an insoluble chemical substance with the formula FeS. It is found naturally as the mineral pyrrhotite, troilite and in igneous rocks such as syenites and hematites. It is used as a pigment in hair dyes and ceramics and in glasses and bottles. It is also used in lubricants and anodes, to treat exhaust gases, and as an alloying agent to improve the machine ability of carbon, alloy and stainless steel castings. It is also known to have enzyme-like properties, which suggest a potential for use in biomedical applications.

Pyrophoric iron sulfide may form in vessels, storage tanks and pipelines that have been exposed to asphalt, aromatic tars, sour crude oil, and high-sulfur fuel oils. When the pyrophoric material comes into contact with oxygen, it will react to produce iron oxide, or rust, and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The resulting reaction is extremely exothermic and can cause fires and explosions. To prevent this, pyrophoric iron sulfide is usually kept wet or filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen to prevent the oxidizing reaction from occurring.

Whether or not iron sulfide is soluble depends on its physical and chemical characteristics, the temperature and pressure of the solvent, and the pH of the solution. The solubility of a substance is defined as the saturation concentration (Sc)—the number of moles of the solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature and pressure. Sc values are determined by using X-ray diffraction techniques to measure the structure of the solute and the solvent. The Sc value for a solute will decrease as the concentration of the solute increases, but it will never reach zero.

2023-08-08

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How useful is the new MAX phase ceramics?

What is MAX phase? MAX phase (including Ti3SiC2, Ti2AlC , etc.) It is a newly developed machinable material. This material contains over fifty types of ternary carbides and nitrides. M represents a metal transition element; A represents an element of the main group; and X represents either nitrogen or carbon. The basic chemical equation can be written as M(n+1).AXn. Ti3SiC2 was the most studied.
How can MAX phase materials synthesized be?
The hot pressing method was used by the Drexel University, Drexel, in the United States to synthesize Ti3SiC2. This material has excellent properties. The unique nano-layered crystalline structure of this material gives it properties like self-lubrication, high toughness and conductivity. They can be used for high-temperature structure materials, electrode brush material, chemical anticorrosion material, and high temperature heating materials. In Japan, Europe and China, extensive research has been carried out on this material type since 1996.

Nb2Alc powder: introduction
This is a new type conductive ceramic material, Nb2Alc is one. This ceramic is composed of more than 60 ternary compounds or nitRIDEs. A is a group element, usually elements in the third or fourth group; X is carbon or nitrogen. Niobium Aluminum Carbide, or NBC, is a new ceramic material that combines metal and ceramic advantages. Nb2Alc has excellent mechanical characteristics at high temperature.

How is Nb2AlC produced?
1. Mix niobium, aluminum, and carbon powders and weigh them;
2. To obtain Nb2AlC powder, put the mixed powder in a graphite can, fill it with an inert gas and ignite it. After that, you will need to pulverize it, cool it, sieve it, and then dry it. The method provides a fast reaction time, a short synthesis period, low energy consumption and low costs, as well as high production efficiency. The Nb2Alc Ceramic Powder obtained by this invention can be applied in the aviation, electronics, nuclear, and aerospace industries.

Nb2AlC powder: Storage conditions
Group gathering can affect the dispersion and use the Nb2AlC Powder. The niobium aluminium carbide Nb2AlC should be kept in a vacuum-sealed package in a cool, dry place. Niobium aluminum carburide is not suitable for use. Expose the powder to air. In addition, avoid using Nb2AlC powder under stress.

Prices of MAX Phase Powder
(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier & manufacturer has over 12 years experience in providing high-quality Nanomaterials and chemicals. Currently, we have developed a successful series of powdered materials. Our OEM service is also available. If you're looking for MAX phase Contact us for more information about powder. Please click here to order powder. Needed products Send us a request.


2023-08-08

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What are the Main Application Areas of Boron Carbide

What is Boron Carbide?

Boron carburide (also known as black diamand) is a substance that has the molecular formula B4C. It's a gray-black fine powder. It is among the three hardest substances known (the two others being diamond and cubic boron-nitride). Tank armor, bulletproof vests and a variety of industrial applications use it. Boron carbide absorbs a lot of neutrons but does not produce radioisotopes. This makes it an ideal neutron absorption material for nuclear power plants. Neutron absorbers are used to regulate the rate of nuclear fusion. Boron carbide, which is used in nuclear reactors, is mostly made into a controlled rod shape. But sometimes it's made into powder due to the increased surface area.

What are the main applications of Boron Carbide?

(1) The field is national defense. Bullet-proofing has been done with boron carbide ceramics since the 1960s. Comparing it to other materials, its characteristics are easy portability and high toughness. It is a key component of the lightweight armor used on armed helicopters as well as the bulletproof aircraft armor. The British used this material as a raw materials to manufacture armor that can protect against armor-piercing projectsiles.


(2) In terms of raw chemical materials. To increase the wear-resistance and strength of alloys, boron carbide is used as an alloy boronizing agent. This can be done by boronizing the metal surface and generating a thin layer iron boride.


(3) Wear-resistant field. Boron carbide ceramics are visible in a number of industrial nozzles. These include desander nozzles to remove rust and nozzles designed for high-pressure water gun cutting. They are often chosen by factories for their durability under extreme conditions, and cost-effectiveness. . It can also be used to avoid pollution due to abrasive waste during grinding. As a diamond abrasive substitute, boron carbide can be used to reduce the cost of processing various metals as well as jade glass.


(4) Nuclear energy. boron-carbide is commonly used as a neutron absorber in safety rods, control rods and other components. This helps to regulate the rate of nuclear fusion and ensure human safety.


(5) Aviation. The gyroscope in the navigational system of an aircraft is an essential component. Boron carbide can increase the life of this gyroscope by adding it to the material.


(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical materials supplier & manufacture with more than 12 years experience in providing super-high quality chemicals and Nanomaterials. The powder that we produce is of high purity with fine particles and low impurity. If you need lower, please call us.

2023-08-08

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Six classifications and applications of graphite

Graphite is classified into six categories and has many applications.
Graphite is abundant in my country, and it's widely distributed. However, many of the small and medium-sized mineral resources are found there. Private small graphite miners have operated in my country, and graphite products are of low added value. After many years of hard work, my country has invested in a large amount of money and technical and scientific personnel. The graphite reserves of my country have been used more efficiently after the reorganization and improvement of the graphite use. Graphite has been developed in my country as high-purity graphite.
1. High purity graphite
High-purity Graphite (carbon contents > 99.99%) can be used to stabilize military industrial pyrotechnics materials, advanced refractory material in the metallurgical sector, Chemical fertilizer catalysts, additives etc.
2. Isostatic Graphite
The graphite used to make isostatic graphite comes from high-purity material. It has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, good heat resistance and chemical resistance. In the past fifty years, isostatic graphite has become a world-first product. It has not only achieved great success in civil applications, but also holds a prominent position in cutting-edge national defense. This is a brand new material, which is also eye-catching. It is mainly used for the following aspects.
(1) Heater to heat polysilicon ingots
As a result of the global warming, the awareness among humans to protect the Earth has increased. More and more people now prefer natural energy that does not emit carbon dioxide. In this trend, solar cell technology has become a "darling" in the new age. The ingot heater that is used during the manufacturing process must be made out of graphite.
Nuclear fission (high temperature gas-cooled) reactor
In order to meet the requirements of graphite as a moderator for high-temperature nuclear reactors that use gas cooling, it must be resistant to deformation and radiation stress. Therefore, a modular high temperature gas cooled reactor has been proposed. Modern ultra-high temperature reactors are characterized by high power density at high temperature. This raises the bar for new graphite materials. They must be of good quality, low cost, have a high radiation damage tolerance and homogenize the product.
Nuclear fusion reactor.
Graphite's special properties also play an important role in nuclear fusion. It can greatly reduce the metal particles in the material's plasma, and therefore plays an important role in improving energy confinement. As nuclear fusion devices expand, graphite wall materials that have high mechanical and thermal strength are the best choice for the first material to face the plasma. These materials also show a good discharge pulsation effect. Because graphite is low in atomic numbers and has low radiation losses, it can be mixed with plasma to keep it stable.
(4) Electric discharge machining electrode.
In the electrodes for electric discharge machining, graphite electrodes offer many advantages. Although graphite is a good material, it has some drawbacks. For example, dust and wear can occur during cutting.
3. Expandable graphite
Also known as acidified or flake graphite. It is made from high-quality graphite. Expanded Graphite offers many advantages, such as high-temperature resistance, high-pressure resistance, good seal performance, and corrosion resistance for various media. It is a type of advanced seal material. It is mainly applied in the following areas.

(1) Environmental protection as a field.
The hydrophobicity and lipophilicity of expanded graphite allows it to selectively remove nonaqueous solutions in water. This feature is commonly used to remove slicks of oil from the sea surface. A large amount of oil can be absorbed by this product due to its molecular composition. It can be aggregated in blocks and float on water. After oil removal, it can also be recycled or reused. Expanded graphite, in addition to its selective adsorption, has an inhibitory impact on air pollution. This includes the adsorption and removal of carbon dioxide.
Sealing Material
The flexible graphite made of expanded graphite is used to seal materials.
4. Graphite fluoride
Graphite fluoride, a high-tech material with high-performance and high-efficiency, is currently being researched around the globe. It has excellent quality and performance, and is widely used as a functional material.

(1) It is used as a releaser.
Graphite-fluoride has a low surface energy, which makes it a good release agent for metal moulds.
Solid lubricants.
Fluorinated Graphite, with its low interlayer energy and low surface energy as well as good chemical and thermal properties, has outstanding lubricating characteristics and is ideal for harsh conditions like high temperature, pressure, corrosive materials and high load.
Batteries Raw Materials
It is very difficult to use fluorine in the active material of batteries that contain fluorine-lithium, because fluorine gas can be poisonous. Fluorinated Graphite is used for its excellent electrochemical properties when mixed with organic electrolytes. This makes it a popular material in the integrated circuit memory of cameras, computers and watches.
5. Colloidal graphite
One of the main features of colloidal graphite is its lubricity. The colloidal film of graphite has an excellent thermal insulation in the vertical direction. It is used widely in turbine propellers and hot steam cylinders. It is used to reduce static electricity in the electronics industry.
6. Graphene
Graphene has a hexagonal honeycomb-like lattice made of carbon atoms, and sp2 hybrid orbitals. This is a two-dimensional, one-atom thick material. It is the most durable and hard nanomaterial ever found.
The special arrangement of its atomic structure has made it widely used.
(1) According to ultra-thin Graphene (single layer graphene almost transparent; its molecules are tightly packed, so that even the smallest of helium atoms can't pass through), the strength is super strong, and it can be used in ultra-light armors, ultra thin and ultra light aircrafts, etc. .
(2) Its conductive atoms have a much higher speed than electrons that move in metal conductors. It can be made into graphene conductor agent.
The rapid movement electrons of this material, which is conductive, allows for its use in the future as a replacement for silicon, such as in curved mobiles, photon sensors, and supercomputers.
Researchers have found that bacteria cannot grow on graphene but human cells do not get damaged. Take advantage of it; graphene is great for bandages, packaging food, etc.

Tech Co., Ltd. is a professional manufacturer of graphite with more than 12 years' experience in research and development for chemical products. You can contact us to send an inquiry if you need high-quality graphite.

2023-08-08

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The Bayer Process-The Main Production Method of Alumina

Alumina Bauxite is an oxide of aluminum that is stable. It's also used in ceramics, material science and mining. The rapid development of our country’s electrolytic aluminium, ceramics industries, medicine, electronics and machinery will increase the demand for alumina.
There are a number of methods to extract alumina from ores, such as Bayer, soda-lime-sintering, combined Bayer and sintering, etc. The Bayer Process was the primary method of producing aluminum, accounting for approximately 95% the total world alumina output. Although the acid method made huge progress in the 1970s it was not used by industry.



Bayer process for producing alumina

The Austrian Bayer K.J. Bayer invented it in 1888. The principle is that caustic (NaOH ) solution is used to warm and dissolve the alumina in the bauxite, resulting in sodium aluminate. After the solution (red mud) is separated, the temperature of the mixture is lowered and aluminum hydroxide added as a crystal seed. After long stirring, sodium aluminate separated into aluminum hydroxide. Then, it washed off and calcined in a temperature range of 9501200. The alumina is obtained. Mother liquor is the solution that remains after the precipitation of aluminium hydroxide. This is recycled following evaporation.

Because gibbsite and diaspore are different in their crystalline structure, they will dissolve at different temperatures. The gibbsite-type bauxite dissolves at 125140°C, while the diaspore-type bauxite dissolves at 240260°C with lime (37%).

Bayer Process Alumina Products: Benefits

The Bayer Process is a modern process that has made major progresses in:

1. Equipment of large scale and continuous operation
2. Automation of production processes;
3. Energy-saving techniques such as fluidized roasting, high-pressure enhanced disolution and high pressure enhanced dissolution;
4. Production of sandy alumina for aluminum electrolysis, and the need for flue gas purification. Bayer's advantages

The economic effect of the Bayer Process is determined by the quality of the bauxite, mainly the SiO2 content in the ore, which is usually expressed by the aluminum-silicon ratio of the ore, that is, the weight ratio of the Al2O3 to the SiO2 content in the ore. Because in the dissolution process of the Bayer Process, SiO2 is transformed into sodalite-type hydrated sodium aluminosilicate (Na2O*Al2O3*1.7SiO2*nH2O), which is discharged along with the red mud. The Bayer Process will generate about 1 kg of Al2O3 for every kilogram of SiO2 present in the ore. This is followed by 0.8 kg of NaOH. The Bayer process has a worse economic effect the lower the aluminum-silicon bauxite ratio. The Bayer Process produced bauxite with an aluminum-silicon mixture greater than 8 until the late 1970s. In order to make the most of low-grade gibbsite bauxite and develop new energy-saving technology, research and development has been focused on how to utilize other types of low grade bauxite.

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2023-08-08

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